Oil burner



M. BRITTAIN June 18, 1940.

OIL BURNER Filed Feb. 1, 1958 v @m mm a an i & QM 7 z ATTO RN EY- Patented June 18,1940

'OILBURNERA Monroe Brittain, Ghickasha, Okla. Application February 1, 1938, Serial'No. 188,173

4 Claims. (01.15845 This invention relates to oil burners, and more particularly to burners adaptable for fire boxes of locomotives or other fired apparatus.

The primary object of the invention is to im- 5 prove generally upon oil burners of this character whereby to simplify the structure and minia mize the cost of manufacture without detracting from the durability and efliciency of the device.

An important object of the invention is to secure a more thorough breaking up of the oil into relatively small particles and the atomiza tion and commingling of the steam and air wit the oil for perfect combustion.

With these and other objects as will hereinafter more fully appear, the invention consists in the novel features of construction, combinations and arrangements of parts as hereinafter described and pointed out in the appended claims.

In the accompanying drawing illustrating a practical embodiment of the invention;

Figure 1 is a longitudinal vertical section through the burner; and v Figure 2 is a view of theoil breaking pan detached from the burner, it being severed from the burner substantially on the line 2-2 of Figure 1. Referring now to the drawing, 1A designates generally the burner structure as a whole. As

shown, the deviceincludes an elongated 'hori- I zontal tubular nozzle [0, the forward end portion of which is tapered, as at H. Forwardly beyond the tapered portion H the nozzle is formed with a horizontal lip 12 having an upstanding side flange IS on each side thereof,

said flanged lip portion being of substantial width and open at its outer end.

The rear end portion of thenozzle tube I0 is externally screw-threaded to receive thereon a longitudinally adjustable cap member ld having a central opening in which the end portion l5,

ill, whereby to vary the distance between the jet orifice 20 of said tube l6 and the restricted outlet opening 2! between the tapered portion ll 55 and the laterally flanged lip l2 of the nozzle tube bowl 28 through the cap member 29 and is pro- (if? I 0. In addition to the longitudinal adjustment of the steam jet tube' It a transverse adjustment of thedischarge end portion of saidtube is af-- forded by the provision of radial adjusting and supporting'screws 22 provided therefor'in the 6 nozzle tube H3, by which provision the discharge orifice 20o)? the steam 'jet tube I6 is obviously adjustable in anydirection desired transversely of the restricted opening 2| of the nozzle tube l0.

Supported near one end, as at 23, on a nipple- ([0 like plug 24 extending upwardly from an open ing provided therefor in the rear upper portion of the nozzle tube I0, is a tubular oil supply member 25 which extends forwardly parallel with the nozzle tube Ill. The member 25 is provided 15 at its rear end with an internally screw threaded inlet opening 26-forthe attachment of an oil' supply pipe (not shown). The forward end portion of the member 25 has'an opening of 'substantially the same diameter as the bore of the Q9 tube and it is externally screw threaded to receive a correspondingly internally screw threaded supporting extension 21 of an oil bowl 28. p The oil bowl 28is provided with a ,cap or top closure member 29 which is preferably detachable $25 I and secured in place in any desired manner. Thebottom of the'bowl 28 is inclined'upwardly and forwardly from itsinner-side, as at 30, and it is provided with an opening 3| surrounded by an tip-standing cylindrical discharge column :30 32 which is open at its upper endand terminates in proximity to the'under-side of the cap or closure member 29. The upper'end'portion of the tubular discharg'e'column 32 is provided'with notches 33 at opposite sides through whichoil 35 from the annular chamber surrounding the column 32 is permitted to flow into said column before reaching the level of the extreme end of the column.

An air inlet pipe 34 is inserted'into the oil 4 vided on'its outer end with'an'apertured cap 35 through which heated air is taken into'the'pipe 34 as will be later more fully described. At the inner end of the pipe 34 is an elbow 36 to which is attached the end portion of a pipe section 31 extending axially through the tubular oil supply member 25 and having an elbow 38 at its opposite end which is connected to the nipplelike plug 24 by a shortpipe extension 39 and whereby 50 communication is provided directly with the in terior of the nozzle tube 10 through the opening .40 in the plug 24.

In the operation of the burner the space between the bottom of the oil bowl and the flanged lip portion 2 of the burner nozzle tube constitutes the combustion chamber into which a jet of steam is directed from the discharge orifice of the jet tube IS, the effect of which is to draw heated air into the nozzle tube ID from the connected supply pipes 34, 31 and 39, said air being drawn into the pipe 34 through the apertured cap 35 in a pre-heated condition owing to the location of said cap member 35 in close proximity to the oil bowl 28, which latter is obviously heated as aresult of the combustion of the mixture of the atomized steam and air with the heated oil flowing into the combustion chamber from the oil bowl 28 through the discharge column 32.

In order to accomplish a more thorough breaking up of the oil and its proper proportionate mixture with the atomized steam and air, a perforated bafile in the form of a marginally flanged plate or pan 4| is provided between the'bottom of the oil bowl 28 and lip extension l2 of the nozzle tube l0. As shown the bottom wall or plate of this baffle 4| is provided, near its inner end, with a series of relatively small apertures 42; arranged in transverse rows, and between these perforations and the outer end of the baflle areprovided additional'rows of apertures 43 and 44, respectively, of proportionately increased area. The purpose of the perforated baille 4|, which is located directly in the zone of combustion and thereby-becomes highly heated, is to break up the oil into small particles as it is discharged from the column 32 of the oil bowl 28, in which latter, obviously, the oil is pre-heated before overflowing into said column 32. Hence, by having the smaller opening 42 at the rear portion of the baffle 4|,where the oil first strikes the plate, the oil is passed in relatively small par-1 ticles into the combustion chamber in the region near and just above the restricted steam and air outlet 2|, which thereby produces an effective combustible mixture of the steam, air and oil, which is particularly advantageous when the locomotive is standing or drifting and not using much oil, and yet when the locomotive is operating under conditions requiring a greater flow of the oiland the oil accordingly spreads upon the baffle in greater volume, it is delivered into the combustion chamber in increased size of its particles towards the outer end of the baffle and into the zone of increased combustion.

. .A burner construction and arrangement of the character hereinillustrated and described is not only simple, compact and economically produced; but it is highly efficient in operation both under idling and low speed requirements and under increased load conditions and requires but little, if any, re-adjustment for given conditions.

' While the structure herein illustrated embodies a practical adaptation of the invention it is understood that modifications and alterations may cated within said nozzle member with its discharge orifice in co-operative relation to the discharge opening of the nozzle, air inlet means at the rear portion of said nozzle member, an oil bowl over-hanging the lip extension of the nozzle member, said bowl having a forwardly and upwardly inclined bottom provided with an outlet opening, a tubular column surrounding the outlet opening of the oil bowl and terminating at its upper end adjacent to the top of the bowl, and a pan-like oil breaking element secured to the under-side of the oil bowl and interposed between the outlet opening of the bowl and the lip extension of the nozzle member, the bottom of said oil breaking element being provided with a plurality of apertures.

'2. The oil burner structure as recited in claim 1 and in which the apertures in the oil breaking element are of increasing size from the inner end to the outer end of the element.

3. An oil burner comprising a substantially horizontal tubular nozzle member having a restricted outlet and a laterally flanged lip extension forward of said'outlet, a steam jet tube extending axially through the nozzle member and terminating in a discharge end inwardly adjacent to the restricted outlet of said nozzle member, a horizontal tubular oil supply member supported on the nozzle member and extending longitudinally thereof, an oil bowl communicably attachedto and supported on the end of said tubular oil supply memberand overhanging the lip extension of said nozzle member, an air supply pipe extending into said oil bowl, thence axiallythrough said oil, supply member and into direct communication with the interior of the nozzle member, said oil bowl having a discharge opening in its bottom, an upstanding tubular column on the bottom of the bowl, surrounding said bottom openingand terminating near the topof the bowl, and an apertured baflle interposed between the discharge. opening of the bowl and the lip. extension of said nozzle member.

Y 4. An oil burner comprising a substantially horizontal tubular nozzle member having a restricted outlet and a laterally flanged lip extension forward of saidv outlet, a steam jet tube extending axially through the nozzle member and terminating in a discharge end inwardly adjacent to the restricted "outlet of said nozzle member, a horizontal tubular oil supply member supported on the nozzle member and extending longitudinally thereof, an oil bowl communicably attached to and supported on the end of said tubular oil supply member and overhanging the lip extension of said nozzle member, an air supply pipe extending into said oil bowl, thence axially through said oil supply member and into direct communication with the interior of the nozzle member, said oil bowl having a discharge opening in its-bottom, an upstanding tubular column on the bottom of the bowl, surrounding said bottom opening and terminating near the top of the bowl, and an apertured baffle interposed between the discharge opening of the bowl and the lip extension of said nozzle member, said baffle comprising a pan-like member having a plurality of aperturesin its bottom arranged in series of relatively small area near the inner end of the baflle and of increasing area in series progressively towardthe outer end of the baffle. MONROE BRITTAIN. 

